Ranitidine belongs to a class of drugs known as H2 blockers, which work by reducing the amount of acid produced in the stomach. It is used to treat and prevent ulcers in the stomach and intestines and to address acid-related issues like acid reflux and heartburn.

Dosage and Uses of Ranitidine

Ranitidine is available in various forms, including injectable solutions (25 mg/mL), syrups (15 mg/mL), tablets (75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg), and capsules (150 mg, 300 mg).

It is prescribed for conditions like acid reflux, stomach ulcers, erosive esophagitis, and hypersecretory conditions. It is also used for similar issues in children, as directed by a physician.

Drug Interactions

Ranitidine interacts with the drug lonafarnib. No other significant drug interactions are noted.

Side Effects

Common side effects include headaches. Rare but possible side effects are abdominal pain, alopecia (hair loss), dizziness, nausea, vomiting, anemia, necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, joint pain, and muscle pain.

Contraindications

Ranitidine should not be used by individuals allergic to it or its components.

Warnings

• If treatment for acid reflux does not improve within 6-8 weeks, the dosage should not be increased.
• Long-term use may interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12, potentially leading to deficiency, particularly in women and younger patients.
• Use cautiously in patients with liver or kidney issues.
• Not recommended for patients with acute porphyria, as it may trigger sudden attacks.
• Confusion has been reported in patients over 50, particularly those with liver or kidney conditions, typically resolving 3-4 days after discontinuation.
• Inform your doctor if taking other medications, especially acid reducers.

Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Ranitidine is considered likely safe during pregnancy, as animal studies show no significant risks. However, due to its transfer into breast milk, it is not recommended during breastfeeding.

Sources: reference.medscape.com, drugs.com